Which statement best defines cyber security?

• A. The combination of processes, practices and technologies designed to protect computers, networks, programs, data and information from damage, unauthorized access or attacks
• B. The physical protection of office buildings
• C. The deployment of cybersecurity products without human oversight
• D. The management of software licenses

Answer: (A)

Cyber security means bringing together the right people, processes, and technologies to protect computers, networks, programs, data, and information from damage, unauthorized access, or attacks. It’s not just about buying tech; it’s about how you use that tech along with clear policies and trained people to keep information safe. A solid cyber security approach aims to preserve confidentiality (only authorized individuals can access data), integrity (data remains accurate and unaltered), and availability (systems and data are accessible when needed). In practice this includes securing networks, encrypting sensitive data, enforcing access controls, monitoring for threats, and having plans to detect, respond to, and recover from incidents. The other statements describe things outside the scope of cyber security: physical protection of offices is physical security, not cyber; deploying tools without human oversight ignores the essential human and procedural elements; and software license management deals with rights and compliance rather than protecting information.